What was erikson famous for

For Birth Parents. Famous Psychologists: Erik Erikson. Erik Homburger Erickson. Biography of Erik Erikson. The epigenetic principle He is most famous for his work in refining and expanding Freud's theory of stages.

Children and adults Perhaps Erikson's greatest innovation was to postulate not five stages, as Freud had done, but eight. The first stage The first stage, infancy or the oral-sensory stage, is approximately the first year or year and a half of life. Stage two The second stage is the anal-muscular stage of early childhood, from about eighteen months to three or four years old.

Stage three Stage three is the genital-locomotor stage or play age. Stage four Stage four is the latency stage, or the school-age child from about six to twelve. Stage five Stage five is adolescence, beginning with puberty and ending around 18 or 20 years old.

Stage six If you have made it this far, you are in the stage of young adulthood, which lasts from about 18 to about Stage seven The seventh stage is that of middle adulthood. Stage eight This last stage, referred to delicately as late adulthood or maturity, or less delicately as old age, begins sometime around retirement, after the kids have gone, say somewhere around Additional Information. The Developmental Psychology of Erik Erikson. Would You Like Personal Assistance? Contact Dr.

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Famous Psychologists. Allport, Gordon. Beck, Aaron. Binet, Alfred. Chomsky, Noam. Ellis, Albert. Erikson, Erik. Erickson, Milton. Freud, Sigmund. Fromm, Erich. Glasser, William. Harlow, Harry. Jung, Carl. Kinsey, Alfred. Laing, R.

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Psychologists Wilkinsburg Pennsylvania. Psychologists Willow Grove Pennsylvania. Measure ad performance. Select basic ads. Create a personalised ads profile. Select personalised ads. Apply market research to generate audience insights. Measure content performance. Develop and improve products. List of Partners vendors. Erik Erikson is best known for his famous theory of psychosocial development and the concept of the identity crisis. His theories marked an important shift in thinking on personality ; instead of focusing simply on early childhood events, his psychosocial theory looks at how social influences contribute to our personalities throughout our entire lifespans.

If life is to be sustained hope must remain, even where confidence is wounded, trust impaired. Erikson's stage theory of psychosocial development generated interest and research on human development through the lifespan. An ego psychologist who studied with Anna Freud, Erikson expanded psychoanalytic theory by exploring development throughout life, including events of childhood, adulthood, and old age.

Erik Erikson was born on June 15, , in Frankfurt, Germany. His young Jewish mother, Karla Abrahamsen, raised Erik by herself for a time before marrying a physician, Dr.

Theodore Homberger. The fact that Homberger was not his biological father was concealed from Erikson for many years. When he finally did learn the truth, Erikson was left with a feeling of confusion about who he really was.

He never saw his birth father or his mother's first husband. This early experience helped spark his interest in the formation of identity. He would later explain that as a child he often felt confused about who he was and how he fit into his community. While this may seem like merely an interesting anecdote about his heritage, the mystery over Erikson's biological parentage served as one of the key forces behind his later interest in identity formation.

His interest in identity was further developed based on his own experiences in school. At his Jewish temple school, he was teased for being a tall, blue-eyed, blonde, Nordic-looking boy who stood out among the rest of the kids. At grammar school, he was rejected because of his Jewish background. These early experiences helped fuel his interest in identity formation and continued to influence his work throughout his life.

It's interesting to note that Erikson never received a formal degree in medicine or psychology. They are the following: 1 Basic Trust versus Basic Mistrust infancy ; 2 Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt early childhood ; 3 Initiative versus Guilt play age ; 4 Industry versus Inferiority school age ; 5 Identity versus Role Confusion adolescence ; 6 Intimacy versus Isolation young adulthood ; 7 Generativity versus Stagnation adulthood ; 8 Ego Identity versus Despair later adulthood.

Further, the stages are interdependent in that unresolved conflicts at one stage influence development at later stages, as in the development of either a loving trusting relationship with a caregiver in infancy or mistrust of others. Unlike Freud, who focused on early childhood, Erikson emphasized adolescence and adulthood. Erikson introduced the term identity and identity crisis to explain the psychological and social complexities faced by young people in attempting to find their place in a specific town, nation, and time.

Adolescent development, in other words, is a complex answer to the question, "Who am I? This focus reflects Erikson's own youthful wanderings before finding his place as a teacher, analyst, and writer. In the s Erikson focused on the seventh or "generative" stage of adulthood.

In this stage, adults are obligated to care for the next generation, either one's own children or a broader group, through personal deeds and words. In the case of Gandhi, his contribution to the next generation was his militant nonviolence as a means to address social injustice.

In addition Erikson described the final stage, late adulthood, as an active period that involves acceptance of self and the development of wisdom. A third focus in Erikson's writing, ethical and moral responsibility, is reflected most prominently in Insight and Responsibility In this work, he included a set of eight virtues that correspond with his eight life stages hope, will, purpose, competence, fidelity, love, care, and wisdom.

He also introduced the term pseudospeciation to describe the destructive mechanism that leads to human conflict, aggression, and war. Specifically, pseudospeciation refers to the "arrogant placing of one's nation, race, culture, and or society ahead of others; the failure to recognize that all of humanity was of one species" Friedman, p.

Groups of individuals, in other words, are assigned membership in a not-quite human or pseudo-species. He taught at Yale University and Harvard University. It was at this point in his life that he became interested in the influenceof society and culture on child development. To satisfy his curiosity, hestudied groups of American Indian children to help formulate his theories.